Backward compatibility testing verifies that your software still works with the environments and versions
that came before it — earlier operating systems, older browser releases, previous hardware generations,
legacy data formats, and the dependency versions your enterprise customers have not upgraded. It is
testable today, because those environments already exist, and it is where most real compatibility defects
are found.
Forward compatibility testing verifies that your software works with newer or upcoming environments —
a beta browser channel, the next major OS release, a framework release candidate. It is tested against
pre-release builds and is inherently less certain, because the target is still moving. Its value is lead
time: finding out that a platform change breaks you while there is still a release cycle in which to fix it.
Both questions are answered from the same artefact — the compatibility matrix. The matrix is ranked by
evidence rather than ambition: real user analytics, target market share, and business risk decide which
combinations carry meaningful traffic or revenue. Testing every possible permutation of browser, version,
OS, and device is neither achievable nor useful. Testing the combinations that matter, and knowing exactly
which ones you chose not to cover, is what a defensible matrix delivers.